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Guessing,Economy,Epidemiology:The HIV/AIDS Hypothesis
Epidemiology Peirce abduction guessing hypothesis medicine sexuality bias
2016/6/15
Of the scientific concepts that the American philosopher, Charles S. Peirce, analyzed in his work, two of the less commonly investigated have been those of guessing and of scientific economy. Peirce a...
Unification and the quantum hypothesis in 1900--1913
confirmation quantum hypothesis unification informational relevance Bayesian analysis
2016/6/14
In this paper, I consider some of the first appearances of a hypothesis of quantized energy between the years 1900 and 1913 and provide an analysis of the nature of the unificatory power of this hypot...
Is an electron a charge cloud?A reexamination of Schrodinger's charge density hypothesis
Schrö dinger electron cloud charge cloud charge density hypothesis protective measurement ergodic motion particles
2016/6/13
This article re-examines Schrödinger's charge density hypothesis, according to which the charge of an electron is distributed in the whole space, and the charge density in each position is propor...
Time in the theory of relativity:on natural clocks,proper time,the clock hypothesis,and all that
relativity Einstein natural clock atomic clock proper time clock hyothesis
2016/6/12
When addressing the notion of proper time in the theory of relativity, it is usually taken for granted that the time read by an accelerated clock is given by the Minkowski proper time. However, there ...
How Strong is the Confirmation of a Hypothesis by Significant Data?
significance tests Bayesianism confirmation likelihoodism falsification inference to the best explanation
2016/6/12
The aim of the article is to determine how much a hypothesis H is actually confirmed if it has successfully passed a classical significance test. Bayesians have already raised many serious objections ...
Testing a precise null hypothesis:the case of Lindley's Paradox
statistical inference hypothesis testing Lindley's paradox reference Bayesianism frequentism
2016/5/31
The interpretation of tests of a point null hypothesis against an unspecified alternative is a classical and yet unresolved issue in statistical methodology. This paper approaches the problem from the...
Within philosophy of physics it is broadly accepted that presentism as an empirical hypothesis has been falsified by the development of special relativity. In this paper, I identify and reject an assu...
A " RIP VAN WINKLE HYPOTHESIS " TO RESOLVE THE REALISM - ANTIREALISM DEBATE
realism antrealism no-miracles agument
2015/8/3
The intensity of debate between the realists and antirealists shows no sign of abating. Here a new hypothesis is proposed to resolve the issue. The requirement of consistency and continuity are built-...
It is shown that as knowledge is structured, it comes in modules. This provides different " layers of reality ". Each layer of reality has its own distinctive inductive logic which may differ from tha...
It is proposed here that all successful and complete theories always proceed through an intermediate stage of instrumentalism to the final stage of realism. Examples from history of science ( both cla...
The Status of Hypothesis and Theory
Nowadays, it is a truism that hypotheses and theories play an essential role in scientific practice. This, however, was far from an obvious given in seventeenth-century British natural philosophy. Different natural philosophers had different views on the role and status of hypotheses and theories, ranging from fierce promotion to bold rejection, and to both they ascribed varying meanings and connotations. The guiding idea of this chapter is that, in seventeenth-century British natural philosophy, the terms ‘hypothesis’/‘hypothetical’ and ‘theory’/‘theoretical’ were imbedded in a semantic network of interconnected epistemological and methodological notions – such as ‘knowledge’, ‘method’, ‘probability’, ‘certainty’, ‘induction’, ‘deduction’, ‘experimental philosophy’, ‘speculative philosophy’, and the like). As these semantic networks changed overtime, the meaning and significance of ‘hypothesis’ and ‘theory’ likewise shifted. Without pretence of completeness, this chapter highlights chronologically some of the defining moments in the semantic transformation of these two terms within the context of seventeenth-century natural philosophy.philosophy, Francis Bacon, Robert Boyle, Robert Hooke, John Locke, Isaac Newton.
2009/11/30
Nowadays, it is a truism that hypotheses and theories play an essential role in scientific practice. This, however, was far from an obvious given in seventeenth-century British natural philosophy. Dif...