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Accuracy of the Atwater factors and related food energy conversion factors with low-fat, high-fiber diets when energy intake is reduced spontaneously
Atwater factors energy density dietary fiber digestibility metabolizable energy
2008/12/25
Background: Systems to calculate metabolizable energy (ME) in foods and diets are often based on Atwater factors. The accuracy of these factors with low-fat diets high in fiber is unknown when food in...
Short-term (intestinal) and long-term (postintestinal) conversion of β-carotene to retinol in adults as assessed by a stable-isotope reference method
retinol equivalence stable isotope mass spectrometry
2003/1/3
The quantitative determination of the conversion of β-carotene to vitamin A in humans can be accomplished by using a stable-isotope reference method. This approach provides in vivo metabolic informati...
Variability in conversion of β-carotene to vitamin A in men as measured by using a double-tracer study design
Carotene vitamin A activity β-carotene retinol stable isotope tracer men
2002/12/17
Background: The vitamin A activity of β-carotene is variable and surprisingly low in women. The reasons for this are not well understood. The vitamin A activity of β-carotene in men is still unce...
Variability of the conversion of b-carotene to vitamin A in women measured by using a double-tracer study design
Carotene vitamin A b-carotene absorption, metabolism stable isotope tracer women
2000/6/7
Background: Blood b-carotene and vitamin A responses to oral
b-carotene are variable in humans. Some individuals are characterized
as responders and others as low- or nonresponders. A better
unders...