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Genomic studies of cancer patients have revealed thousands of mutations linked to tumor development. However, for the vast majority of those mutations, researchers are unsure of how they contribute to...
Much of the human genome is made of regulatory regions that control which genes are expressed at a given time within a cell. Those regulatory elements can be located near a target gene or up to 2 mill...
Engineers at MIT and the University of Massachusetts Medical School have designed a new type of nanoparticle that can be administered to the lungs, where it can deliver messenger RNA encoding useful p...
Alzheimer’s risk gene undermines insulation of brain’s “wiring”（图）
阿尔茨海默氏症 风险基因 APOE4 脑细胞 隔离神经元
2022/11/22
It’s well-known that carrying one copy of the APOE4 gene variant increases one’s risk for Alzheimer’s disease threefold and two copies about tenfold, but the fundamental reasons why, and what can be d...
The Human Genome Project was an ambitious initiative to sequence every piece of human DNA. The project drew together collaborators from research institutions around the world, including MIT's Whitehea...
In human chromosomes, DNA is coated by proteins to form an exceedingly long beaded string. This “string” is folded into numerous loops, which are believed to help cells control gene expression and fac...
Despite the sheer number of genes that each human cell contains, these so-called “coding” DNA sequences comprise just 1 percent of our entire genome. The remaining 99 percent is made up of “non-coding...
Ateam of researchers led by Harvard and Broad Institute scientists has developed twin prime editing, a new, CRISPR-based gene-editing strategy that enables manipulation of gene-sized chunks of DNA in ...
When Sharif Tabebordbar was a teenager, his father began having trouble walking. Soon, he became wheelchair-bound and was diagnosed with a rare genetic muscle disease.
Genome-wide identification of NF-YA gene family in cotton and the positive role of GhNF-YA10 and GhNF-YA23 in salt tolerance
全基因组分析 雷蒙德氏棉 亚洲棉 海岛棉 陆地棉
2021/9/18
本研究基于全基因组分析，在雷蒙德氏棉、亚洲棉、海岛棉和陆地棉基因组中分别鉴定得到16、16、31和29个NF-YA基因。通过进化树分析将NF-YA基因分为4个亚组。结构分析表明NF-YA基因在棉属进化过程中相对保守。荧光定量显示GhNF-YAs可能通过ABA和 MeJA的调控通路响应盐和干旱。VIGS沉默GhNF-YA10和GhNF-YA23的表达，能显著降低棉花对盐的抗性，表明这两个基...
Systematical characterization of YUCCA gene family in five cotton species, and potential functions of YUCCA22 gene in drought resistance of cotton
棉花 YUC基因家族 生长素合成
2021/9/18
生长素在植物的正常生长发育中起着至关重要的作用。TAA/YUCCA基因家族编码色氨酸氨基转移酶（tryptophan aminotransferase），是生长素合成的关键酶。然而，棉花中YUCCA（YUC）基因家族尚未见报道。为了揭示YUC基因在棉花中的功能，我们系统地鉴定了五个棉种中的YUC基因家族，包括成员分析、特征描述、基因组内复制和共线关系。转录组学分析表明，GhYUCs参与了棉花的非生...
New programmable gene editing proteins found outside of CRISPR systems（图）
CRISPR系统 可编程基因 编辑蛋白 酶
2021/9/15
Within the last decade, scientists have adapted CRISPR systems from microbes into gene editing technology, a precise and programmable system for modifying DNA. Now, scientists at MIT’s McGovern Instit...
New gene-editing technique shows promise against sickle cell disease（图）
镰状细胞性贫血 基因编辑技术 一次性治疗
2021/6/28
Ateam of researchers led by scientists from Harvard and the Broad Institute used a new gene-editing technique to successfully treat sickle cell disease in mice. This advancement could one day lead to ...
Elizabeth Kellogg, assistant professor of molecular biology and genetics in the College of Arts and Sciences, has been named to the Pew Scholars Program to pursue research into advancing gene editing ...
Over evolutionary time scales, a single gene may acquire different roles in diverging species. However, revealing the multiple hidden roles of a gene was not possible before genome editing came along....